Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Somatostatin, Cortistatin and Their Receptors Exert Antitumor Actions in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells: Critical Role of Endogenous Cortistatin

doi: 10.3390/ijms232113003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Functional effects after somatostatin (SST) and cortistatin (CORT) treatment in prostate cells. ( A ) Proliferation rate of normal prostate (RWPE-1) and prostate cancer (PCa) cells [androgen-dependent (LNCaP) and androgen-independent (AI; 22Rv1 and PC-3)] in response to SST and CORT treatment (after 24, 48 and 72 h). ( B ) Colonies formation in response to SST and CORT treatment in AI-PCa cells. ( C ) Migration rate of PC-3 cells after 16 h of SST and CORT treatment. Data were represented as percent of vehicle-treated cells (set at 100%). Asterisks (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001) indicate statistically significant differences between groups.

Article Snippet: The normal-like prostate cell line RWPE-1, the Androgen-Dependent (AD) PCa cell model LNCaP, and the two Androgen-Independent (AI) PCa cell models 22Rv1 and PC-3 were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), and maintained according to manufacturer instructions as previously described [ , , ].

Techniques: Functional Assay, Migration

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Somatostatin, Cortistatin and Their Receptors Exert Antitumor Actions in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells: Critical Role of Endogenous Cortistatin

doi: 10.3390/ijms232113003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression profile of somatostatin-system [receptors (SSTRs), and ligands (somatostatin-SST and cortistatin-CORT)] in androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer (PCa) cells and fresh prostate tissue ( n = 69; cohort-1). ( A ) Expression of SSTRs in 22Rv1 and PC-3 AI-PCa cells. ( B ) Expression of SSTRs in PCa fresh samples. ( C ) Expression of SST and CORT in AI-PCa cells. Data represent the mean of mRNA copy number ± Standard Error of the Mean (SEM). mRNA levels were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and adjusted by normalization factor (NF).

Article Snippet: The normal-like prostate cell line RWPE-1, the Androgen-Dependent (AD) PCa cell model LNCaP, and the two Androgen-Independent (AI) PCa cell models 22Rv1 and PC-3 were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), and maintained according to manufacturer instructions as previously described [ , , ].

Techniques: Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Somatostatin, Cortistatin and Their Receptors Exert Antitumor Actions in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells: Critical Role of Endogenous Cortistatin

doi: 10.3390/ijms232113003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Functional and pharmacological consequences of cortistatin (CORT)-silencing in androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer (PCa) cells. ( A ) Validation of CORT-silencing in 22Rv1 and PC-3 cells. ( B ) Proliferation rate in response to CORT-silencing in AI-PCa cells. Data were represented as percent of scrambled cells (set at 100%). ( C ) Phosphorylation levels of protein belonging to different oncogenic signaling pathways (AKT, JNK) in response to CORT-silencing in AI-PCa cells. ( D ) Expression of proliferation/cell-cycle and somatostatin receptors genes in response to CORT-silencing in AI-PCa cells. Data were represented as percent of scrambled cells (set at 100%). ( E ) Proliferation rate of scrambled AI-PCa cells or CORT-silenced AI-PCa in response to octreotide and pasireotide. Data were represented as the percent of vehicle-treated cells (set at 100%). Asterisks (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; **** p < 0.0001) indicate statistically significant differences between groups. SC: Scramble. SiCORT: small interference RNA CORT.

Article Snippet: The normal-like prostate cell line RWPE-1, the Androgen-Dependent (AD) PCa cell model LNCaP, and the two Androgen-Independent (AI) PCa cell models 22Rv1 and PC-3 were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), and maintained according to manufacturer instructions as previously described [ , , ].

Techniques: Functional Assay, Biomarker Discovery, Phospho-proteomics, Protein-Protein interactions, Expressing

Journal: Oncology reports

Article Title: Increased expression and activity of p75NTR are crucial events in azacitidine-induced cell death in prostate cancer.

doi: 10.3892/or.2016.4832

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects induced by azacitidine (5Aza-CR) at different concentrations in the presence or not of 10 ng/ml NGF. (A) (PC3) and (B) (22rv1) cells are subjected to the cytotoxic effects of different doses of azacitidine with or without NGF. (C) (PC3) and (D) (22rv1) cells undergo time-dependent apoptosis after treatment with a non-toxic concentration (0.5 µM) of azacitidine in combination with NGF. Data are representative of three independent replicates.

Article Snippet: Two aggressive PCa models (PC3 and 22rv1 cell lines) were obtained from the American Tissue Culture Collection (ATCC; Rockville, MD, uSA) and DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany), respectively, and were grown as recommended.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Oncology reports

Article Title: Increased expression and activity of p75NTR are crucial events in azacitidine-induced cell death in prostate cancer.

doi: 10.3892/or.2016.4832

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Western blot analyses show a time-dependent induction of p75NTR and AR, but not TrkA expression, after in vitro administration of 0.5 µM azacitidine (Aza-CR) in PC3 (A) and 22rv1. (C) Immunocytochemical expression of p75NTR and AR in 22rv1 cells. (D) PC3 and (E) 22rv1 cells were examined for expres- sion levels of downstream components proximal to p75NTR (TRADD, RIP, DR4, DR5 and TRAF2) after treatment with 0-5 µM azacitdine and 10 ng/ml NGF. (F) Immunohistochemical evaluation of p75NTR, TRADD and TRAL-R (DR4) in PC3 cell tumor-bearing nude mice treated or not with azacitidine (Vidaza 0.8 mg/kg/7 consecutive days). Each lane was loaded with 100 µg of proteins from the cell extracts obtained from the control and treated cells.

Article Snippet: Two aggressive PCa models (PC3 and 22rv1 cell lines) were obtained from the American Tissue Culture Collection (ATCC; Rockville, MD, uSA) and DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany), respectively, and were grown as recommended.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, In Vitro, Immunohistochemical staining, Control